Be consistent with your in-text citations through your entire paper. For in-text citation, use a shortened version of the title, or the whole title if it is short, in place of the author's last name. For example, you might write: According to "The Rise of the Dark Lord" (2019), Voldemort sought not only political control but also control over "the very hearts and minds of every witch and wizard young and old" (p. Book with No Author If books have no author or editor, they should be alphabetized by the first significant word of the title in your reference list. If you quoted from the source directly, the parenthetical with the page number goes at the end of the quote.For example, you might write: Although there is no attributed author, "The Rise of the Dark Lord" (2019) is considered the most thorough documentation of Voldemort's attempted rise to power. If you only included the title of the source in your paper, you would put a parenthetical immediately after the title with the year of publication.For example, you might write: In 2019, an article titled "The Rise of the Dark Lord" shed new light on the politics behind Voldemort's power grab.For in-text citation, use a shortened version of the title, or the whole title if it is short, in place of the authors last name. Often, this can make your paper more readable, especially if you have multiple citations in a row. If books have no author or editor, they should be alphabetized by the first significant word of the title in your reference list. You can avoid the need to use a parenthetical citation at all if you put the citation information directly into the text of your paper. Rising temperatures due to climate change are causing Artic ice to melt at rates never before observed (Jackson et al., 2005).Integrate the citation information into the text of your paper. If youve identified the author previously in the sentence, you do not need include the authors name in the in-text citation, unless you are talking about. In-Text Citation (Quotation) - entry that appears in the body of your paper after a direct quote. For more tips on paraphrasing check out The OWL at Purdue. 3-5 Authorsĭespite dire predictions, polar bear populations have actually increased over the past 50 years (Holden, Michaels, & White, 2008).ĭespite dire predictions, polar bear populations have actually increased over the past 50 years (Holden et al., 2008). In-Text Citation (Paraphrase) - entry that appears in the body of your paper when you express the ideas of a researcher or author using your own words. Polar bears have been used by environmentalists as an icon of climate change in several campaigns. Studies indicate that polar bear populations will dramatically decline as Arctic ice melts (Jedden, 2006). Temperature warming is one aspect of climate change, which results in increasingly frequent weather extremes ("Global Warming," 2008). Italicize periodical, book and report titles. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features Press Copyright Contact us Creators. Article, chapter and web page titles go in quotation marks. Information on citing and several of the examples were drawn from the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.). References - entry that appears at the end of your paper. Include the first few words from the reference list entry (usually the title) and the year if no author is given. In-Text Citation (Quotation) - entry that appears in the body of your paper after a direct quote. See examples below to learn about how multiple authors for one work are handled in APA parenthetical citations.
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